How to detect the quality of 10G network transformers?

Regarding how to detect the quality of 10G network transformers, first of all, I need to determine which methods are applicable to 10G network transformers. The editor has made a summary of this, and the specific detection methods are as follows:

1、 Basic testing steps

1. Appearance inspection

a. Observe whether the packaging is complete, check whether the pins are flat, without breakage or corrosion, and ensure that there are no bubbles/cracks at the sealing area;

b. Confirm that the shell has no signs of burning, deformation, or oil leakage to avoid performance degradation caused by physical damage.

2. Resistance measurement

a. Primary/secondary winding resistance: Measure with a multimeter in the resistance range (R × 1 or R × 10):

b. The resistance range of the primary winding is usually several tens to several hundred ohms (if the resistance is close to zero or infinite, there is a short circuit/open circuit fault);

c. The resistance value of the secondary winding should be lower (typically around a few ohms), and if there is an abnormality, it is necessary to investigate the coil turn to turn short circuit;

‌d. Initial inter stage resistance: Using a multimeter with R × 10K range, the normal resistance value should be infinite. If there is conductivity, it indicates insulation failure.

3. Insulation resistance test

a. Measure the insulation resistance between the winding and the shielding layer/metal shell with a megohmmeter, and the standard value should be greater than 100M Ω (industrial grade requires>500M Ω);

b. If the insulation resistance is below the threshold, it may cause signal interference or leakage risk.

2、 Advanced Performance Testing

1. Verification of high-frequency transmission characteristics

a. Insertion loss and return loss: Use a network analyzer to detect the insertion loss (<0.5dB) and return loss (>20dB) in the 10Gbps frequency band (such as 3.4-6.4 GHz) to ensure the integrity of high-frequency signals;

b. Balance test: Measure the symmetry of differential signal line pairs, with a deviation of less than 3%, to avoid common mode noise interference.

2. Dynamic functional testing

a. Actual networking verification: Connect 10G switches or optical modules, use a network tester to monitor packet loss rate (<0.001%) and end-to-end latency (<1 μ s);

b. POE power supply capability: For models that support POE++, load a 90W load and measure voltage fluctuations (<5%) to verify power supply stability.

3. Temperature adaptability test

a. Operate in a temperature chamber ranging from -40 ° C to+85 ° C, monitor changes in inductance (allowable deviation<± 5%) and signal transmission stability to ensure reliability in a wide temperature environment.